Stakeholders

	Designated Operational Entities (DOE)
	A Designated Operational Entity under the CDM has two key functions:
	1)	validates and subsequently requests registration of a proposed CDM project activity; and
	2)	verifies emission reduction of a registered CDM project activity certifies as appropriate and requests the Board to issue Certified Emission Reductions accordingly
	Click here to view a list of DOE's

	Investors & Certified Emission Reductions (CERS)
	Buyers Investors or CER buyers can be parties from the developed (Annex 1) countries wishing to purchase CERs from the host country. It could be private sector, NGOs, Government or multilateral funds (e.g. the World Bank).
	Click here to view a list of investors and CER buyers

	Project Developers
	Project developers assist in developing and operating the CDM projects and sometimes own the certified emission reductions (CERs) generated from the project implementation.
	Click here to view a list of Project developers